Authors EDWARD N.K. WONG (FBIDST, RDT, GDC, MBA)

For patients with dentures, there is obviously going to be a lot of deficiency of mastication with partial or complete dentures compared with the patients’ natural dentition. Dentists will spend a lot of time in mastering the clinical techniques to construct an esthetic and high quality complete denture.  However, most patients do not realize that the alveolar ridges will recede with time and age which will lead to some difficulties in wearing partial or complete dentures.  The lack of understanding of this physiological phenomenon is the leading cause of dissatisfaction by patients, even though the dentist has done all the correct adjustments. In practice, patient satisfaction is extremely complicated.

Complete Dentures:
In spite of all attempts by dentist and dental laboratory technician using the latest techniques to fabricate the best set of complete dentures, actually there are still 10-15% of patients will be dissatisfied with the clinical results. Many factors are involved including sound psychology of the denture patient, design of denture teeth in relationship to the patient, cost of the dentures and financial status of the patient etc.  The dentist and the patient should understand that the design of denture teeth and functioning of the complete dentures constitute only part of the patient’s satisfaction.  Therefore, before commencement of fabrication and delivery of complete dentures, it is important to communicate all these factors to the patient as it would be more easily to achieve a greater degree of patient expectation and satisfaction.

During fabrication of complete dentures, a proper impression technique is most critical because the technique has a major effect on the final result; hence the dentist must control carefully the proper flow of the impression materials.  By contrast, in the fabrication of partial dentures, the impression technique is less critical as the abutment teeth and alveolar ridges are rigid and hence are less sensitive to the distortion of the flowing impression materials.  If the dentist does not take care to do an excellent impression for the complete denture in the clinic, leading to the distortion of the impression, it will result in inaccuracies of the balanced occlusion.  Consequently, when taking impressions for complete dentures, the dentist must pay particular attention to the effects on the surrounding soft tissues of alveolar ridges.  The movements such as the muscle of buccinators and the swallowing action can influence the denture retention as well as the denture teeth in occlusion.  Even though resorption of alveolar ridge will invariably reduce the retention of the complete dentures, in principle, a satisfactory retention can still be achieved mechanically by the proper design of the denture teeth.  Step by step the techniques of how to achieve a precise impression; an accurate vertical dimension; the right centric occlusion and a fully balanced occlusion in complete dentures are found important for complete dentures.

Finally, the secret of success to complete dentures lies partly in how to communicate to the patient and use of proper denture teeth like Cosmo (10% IPN) and Biotone ipn (100% IPN ) with the Success Injection techniques on acrylics.

FE consistently achieves Fast Teeth Setting – Made Easy concept, a Cosmo Articulator is capable of reproducing average movement of the mandible and followed by the Gysi articulator with fixed adjustments. The tooth setup is no longer determined by guessing in labs. Excessive denture teeth wear and "shortening" of the ridges or vertical dimension may cause improper support and function which can upset the jaw mechanism. This can, in extreme cases, lead to a (TMJ) disorder.  TMJ can be characterized by pain in the jaw, neck, head, and/or shoulders. IPN would be an exceptional material to solve this problem. Essentially, the Success Injection system can offer a closed-flask technology to eliminate the increase of vertical dimension of upper and lower jaw may cause improper centric occlusion of denture teeth.

Partial Dentures:
There are different types of partial denture used in markets. The more traditional partial denture would be metal framework which has metal arms and clasps that fit around the teeth, and  much stronger, durable and more stable. The most common problem of a cast partial denture is being so tight. Usually, if the partial which rests on the abutment tooth with free-end saddles or unilateral free-end saddle, is not allowing the partial to completely cede against the tissue, it will put pressure on the abutment tooth act as direct retainer, or an orthodontic appliance. Unlikely, you take it out and move it back, you just simply rock against the abutment tooth. It makes the abutment tooth often being loaded, very sore, and often very loose. The other problem with cast partial dentures, is just visually seeing the arms, is not esthetic design to some people, and so they doesn't want to show metal.

There may be various cast partial denture designs like Esthetic Clasp design but Mycodynamic design with Vitallium alloy can be considered to solve loading problems on abutments. Unlikely, because of the metal clasps but usually people adapt quite well to them. About all-nylon flexible partial dentures have been a very wonderful option for patients, they don't have any metal and they are very thin.

It is a product that dentists use more and more for removable partial dentures, because of the soft dentures. The difficulty with them involves adjusting at chair-side, so that no sore spots develop. This can be a very difficult task indeed for dentists. A good alternative to the half-nylon partial denture (FRS materials) which is made with a combination in between hard and soft dental appliance with sore spots occur as well as having gum colored plastic retentive clasps.

It defines as a healthy dental restoration to patients in worldwide on flexible. Another ideal combination of VITALLIUM cast metal framework with FRS clear clasp or tooth colored clasp. This also has the advantage of being tooth supported (like the cast metal framework partial denture) to eliminates most of the difficulty in occurring sore spots, since the framework resists movement and pressure from the clasps while having the benefit of nearly invisible clasps. The remarkable product would be the Success FRS material for flexible types of dentures.
More high stain resistance is also one of the major factors in selecting IPN teeth for both partial and complete dentures.